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In order to assess how pesticide types and intensity of use impact spider mites we synthesized already-collected data from 19 different studies showing the effects of miticide treatments on mite populations in almond and walnut systems. We aimed to identify which treatments for which specific pests can lead to increased spider mite outbreaks. From these papers, we pulled the information on pesticides currently registered in California for use to control spider mites in almond and walnut orchard systems. Most of these studies were based on almond systems being affected by pacific spider mite (Tetranychus pacificus).
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Key for column names
- Trade Name: the registered product name of the miticide
- Rank: the ranking based on the percent mortality
- Percent Mortality: the mean of the median percent mortality across all studies$^1$ $^2$
- Organic: whether the product is organic compatible
- High variation: whether the miticide had a high variation between minimum and maximum percent mortality across studies
- Minimum mortality: the median of the minimum percent mortality across all studies
- Maximum mortality: the median of the maximum percent mortality across all studies
- Studies referenced: the number of studies that the mortality was averaged across for each miticide
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Efficacy ranking
The products are listed in descending order of most efficacious to least efficacious and color-coded accordingly. The trade names in the database are ordered below and also reflect this.
| Excellent Efficacy: 95-100% control |
| Good Efficacy: 75-95% control |
| Moderate Efficacy: 50-75% control |
| Little Efficacy: 20-50% control |
| No Efficacy: 0-20% control |
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The table to the below lists the code abbreviations that follow trade names and provides the different meanings of each.
| Code |
Formulation |
| SC |
Suspension concentrate |
| WP |
Wettable powder |
| WDG |
Water dispersible granule |
| EC |
Emulsifiable concentrate |
| WSP |
Water soluble packet |
| D |
Dust |
| E |
Emulsifiable concentrate |
| XLO |
Extra Low Odor |
| AS |
Aqueous solution |
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Footnotes
- In order to find these numbers we took the median across the 19 different papers referenced below and averaged it.
- The % mortality/reduction values in this database are corrected relative to the control using Abbott’s formula.
- Corrected percent mortality = 100*(percent alive in control - percent alive in treatment)/(percent alive in control)].
- Abbott, W. S. (1925), A Method of Computing the Effectiveness of an Insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18:265–267. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/18.2.265a
References
- Haviland, D. R., & Higbee, B. S. (2006). Pacific Spider Mite Control in Almond, 2005. Arthropod Management Tests, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/31.1.D2
- Haviland, D. R., & Higbee, B. S. (2007). Pacific Spider Mite Control in Almond, 2006. Arthropod Management Tests, 32(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/32.1.D1
- Haviland, D. (2009). 2008 - 2009 Final Research Report: Pacific Spider Mite Control in the Lower San Joaquin Valley (No. 08-ENTO6-Haviland). Almond Board of California. https://rd.almondboard.com/files/A.2008.08-ENTO6-Haviland.Haviland.Pacific Spider Mite Control in the Lower San Joaquin Valley.pdf#search=spider mite
- Haviland, D. R., & Rill, S. M. (2010). Pacific spider mite control in NON-BEARING almond, 2009. Arthropod Management Tests, 35(1). https://doi.org/10.4182/amt.2010.d1
- Haviland, D. R., & Rill, S. M. (2011). Pacific spider mite control in NON-BEARING almond, 2010. Arthropod Management Tests, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.4182/amt.2011.d2
- Haviland, D. (2012). 2011.2012 Annual Research Report: Arthropod Pest Management in the Lower San Joaquin Valley (No. 11-ENTO6-Haviland). Almond Board of California. https://rd.almondboard.com/files/A.2011.11-ENTO6-Haviland.Haviland.Arthropod Pest Management in the Lower San Joaquin Valley.pdf#search=spider mite
- Haviland, D. (2013). 2012.2013 Annual Research Report: Arthropod Pest Management in the Lower San Joaquin Valley (No. 12-ENTO6-Haviland). Almond Board of California. https://rd.almondboard.com/files/A.2012.12-ENTO6-Haviland.Haviland.Arthropod Pest Management in the Lower San Joaquin Valley.pdf#search=spider mite
- Haviland, D. (2015). 2014.2015 Annual Research Report: Arthropod Pest Management in the Lower San Joaquin Valley (No. 13-ENTO6-Haviland). Almond Board of California. https://rd.almondboard.com/files/A.2013.13-ENTO6-Haviland.Haviland.Arthropod Pest Management in the Lower San Joaquin Valley.pdf#search=haviland
- Haviland, D. R., & Rill, S. M. (2015). Pacific Spider Mite Control in almond, 2014: Table 1. Arthropod Management Tests, 40(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsv034
- Haviland, D. (2016). 2015.2016 Annual Research Report: Arthropod Pest Management in the Lower San Joaquin Valley (No. 15-ENTO6-Haviland). Almond Board of California. https://rd.almondboard.com/files/A.2015.15-ENTO6-Haviland.Haviland.Arthropod Pest Mangement in the Lower San Jaoquin Valley.pdf#search=haviland